منابع مشابه
Form birefringence in helical liquid crystals
The optical properties of cholesteric and chiral smectic liquid crystals are studied, in the limit of pitch smaller than the wavelength of visible light, by means of a formalism borrowing techniques developed to explain form birefringence effects in particulate media. The behaviour of actual stratified anisotropic substances is shown to be accurately approximated, in this limit, by an effective...
متن کاملThe optics of vertebrate photoreceptors: Anisotropy and form birefringence
The optics of vertebrate photoreceptors have been investigated with specific reference to the effect of form birefringence. The complex dielectric tensor of the lamellar-like outer segment structure has been derived, allowing the transverse spectral absorbance to be calculated for different incident polarizations. These results were used to calculate the changes in the cellular dichroic ratio a...
متن کاملCalculation of protein form birefringence using the finite element method.
An approach based on the finite element method (FEM) is employed to calculate the optical properties of macromolecules, specifically form birefringence. Macromolecules are treated as arbitrarily shaped particles suspended in a solvent of refraction index n1. The form birefringence of the solution is calculated as the difference in its refractive index when all the particles of refractive index ...
متن کاملVolume index gratings in the intermediate and form-birefringence regimes.
We present a study of volume index gratings operating in the form-birefringence regime and what we call the intermediate regime, defined as the regime between form birefringence and the onset of diffraction. The operating regime is characterized by the ratio between the measurement wavelength and the grating period: form birefringence regime below 10, diffraction around 3, and intermediate regi...
متن کاملMicrotubular origin of mitotic spindle form birefringence. Demonstration of the applicability of Wiener's equation
Meiosis I metaphase spindles were isolated from oocytes of the sea-star Pisaster ochraceus by a method that produced no detectable net loss in spindle birefringence. Some of the spindles were fixed immediately and embedded and sectioned for electron microscopy. Others were laminated between gelatine pellicles in a perfusion chamber, then fixed and sequentially and reversibly imbibed with a seri...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Biophysical Journal
سال: 1989
ISSN: 0006-3495
DOI: 10.1016/s0006-3495(89)82686-4